
「後現代主義」反對的,是「現代主義」裏所相信的完全客觀的定律。「後現代主義」認為,所有知識都是我們以我們的語言去記錄的主觀觀察,所以那記錄只會對我們自己,或那「觀察者」有意義,而不能廣泛地套用在每一個情況、每一個人身上。好像心理學家相信,女性抑鬱的機會較高;但在母系社會裏,男性可能會更易患上抑鬱。「後現代主義」特別強調語言的偏差。我讀論語,說孔子見學生宰予在睡午覺,便說:「朽木不可雕也」(5:10);一般人 (如朱熹等) 認為孔子在罵他,獨南懷瑾先生認為孔子是同情他,因他身體不好,不能勉強。在另一處,他更說,「仁者樂山」(6:23),是仁者快樂的時候,像山一樣 (即「仁者樂,山」;古書是沒有標點的),而不是說仁者像羚羊猴子一樣,愛爬山。可見人們交換思想和意見有多難,誤會的機會有多大。「清風不識字,何以亂翻書」都可以解釋成諷刺清帝,褒貶只是存乎一心而已。這個存乎一心,正正就是「唯心論」的基礎。唯心論者認為,不止知識,甚至你所認識的整個客觀世界,其實只是你的想像、你的感覺。於是心理學家研究我們的種種錯覺,便又產生了「完形心理學」(Gestalt Psychology)。那麼,是否我們現今的整個文明都是空中樓閣呢?

說到底,無論你用什麼語言、在什麼文化裏長大,地球是圓的便是圓的,而娑婆世界,卻還是娑婆世界罷。
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